Turandot was the last opera that Puccini composed. He died in the middle of composing it, so his friend Franco Alfano completed the unfinished parts from a sketch. The highlight of Turandot is “Nessun dorma” sung by Calaf in the third act.
Turandot, Opera: Character Map
Turandot, Opera: Roles
Turandot | Princess of China | soprano |
Calaf | The Unknown Prince | tenor |
Liù | a slave girl | soprano |
Timur | The deposed King of Tartary | bass |
Altoum | Emperor of China | tenor |
Ping | Lord Chancellor | baritone |
Pang | Majordomo | tenor |
Pong | Head chef of the Imperial Kitchen | tenor |
A Mandarin | Chinese bureaucracy | baritone |
- Native title: Turandot
- Language: Italian
- Composers: Giacomo Puccini
- Librettist: Giuseppe Adami, Renato Simoni
- Based on: Turandot by Carlo Gozzi
- Premiere: April 25, 1926, La Scala, Milan
- Running time: 2 hours 10 minutes (Act 1: 35 minutes, Act 2: 50 minutes, Act 3: 45 minutes)
Turandot, Opera: Summary
Turandot, Opera: Act1, Synopsis
In front of the Palace Gate in Beijing
A Mandarin delivers a message.
A Mandarin
People of Beijing! This is a decision. To marry Turandot, you must solve three riddles. If you fail to solve them, you will be beheaded. Today the Prince of Persia dies.
Popolo di Pekino!
All
Execution! Right now! We are waiting for the executioners. If the executioners do not show up, we will come for them.
People gather to watch the execution. Timur and Liù are being pushed by people.
Please someone help us. An old man has fallen. Somebody?
A man ran to them.
Son, are you alive?
Silence! The one who stole your crown is looking for you and me.
I lost the battle and fled the country. Then I heard Liu’s voice calling me. She helped me all the way.
Who are you? Why did you save my father?
I am a slave of your land. For in the distant past you smiled upon me in your palace.
Preparations for the execution of the Prince of Persia begin.
The Executioner
Let us sharpen our swords. Where Turandot reigns, our work will never cease.
All
There are three riddles. Death is one. Who will sound the gong this time?
After the frenzy of people calling for the executions, things settle down.
All
Why is the moon rising so late? Let me see you in the sky. You look pale and bloodless. Executioner, the moon has risen.
The boys
The storks sang in the mountains to the east. But the flowers did not bloom in April, and the snow did not melt. Princess, come down here. For with you, everything will bloom and shine.
Prince of Persia goes to the place of execution.
All
Grant him pardon. How powerful are his steps as he goes to his execution. Strangely, there is joy in his eyes.
Turandot is a cruel woman. I can’t help but curse her.
Turandot appears on the balcony of the palace. She silently signals her death sentence and leaves.
Turandot is a divinely beautiful woman. Is it a miracle or a dream?
Son, what’s wrong?
Figlio, che fai?
Can’t you feel her scent wafting through the air?
Liu, tell my son. There is no salvation here. Take his hand.
Let’s walk away from this place.
The Prince of Persia is executed.
Do you want to die like him?
I get her beautiful.
Calaf tries to ring the gong. Three ministers appear: Ping, Pan, and Pong.
Ping, Pang, and Pong
Don’t move, what are you doing? Surely Turandot is beautiful, but she is only one. You should marry many women. So stop trying to solve the riddle.
Fermo! Che fai?
Turandot’s servants appear on the palace balcony.
Turandot’s servants
Be quiet. The princess is resting.
Silenzio!
The servants leave.
Ping, Pang, and Pong
We will prevent you from ringing gongs.
My son, do you want me, an old man, to wander the world alone?
Please listen. My prince. Your father will lose his son and I will lose the smile I once saw on your face. I want you to stop this challenge.
Signore, ascolta!
Do not cry, Liu. If on some distant day I smiled at you, forgive me on account of my former smile. If I die, do not abandon my father, but take care of him. My country is ruined. I do not care what happens to me. Let me try to solve Turandot’s riddle!
Non piangere, Liù!
Calaf rings the gong three times.
Turandot, Opera: Act2, Synopsis
Scene1
The pavilion of the palace
Ping, Pang, and Pong
Hey, Pang. Hey, Pong. The man has rung the gong. Let us prepare for the wedding and the funeral. I want to go home. If only the princess would wake up to love, the country would be at peace.
Olà, Pang! Olà, Pong!
Scene2
The courtyard of the palace
People gather in the square. The Emperor of China calls to Calaf.
The Emperor
A terrible oath haunts me. I will not have the blood of young men like you spilled.
Un giuramento atroce
Let me try.
Officials give orders to the people.
A Mandarin
People of Beijing! This is a decision. To marry Turandot, you must solve three riddles. If you fail to solve them, you will be beheaded.
The boys
Princess, come down here. For with you, everything will bloom and shine.
Turandot appears.
A long time ago, a voice of despair sounded in this palace. That voice belonged to my ancestor, Princess Laurin. She was raped by foreigners.
For her revenge, I have three riddles for you men. This is how I will avenge men like you.
Three riddles, one death.
In questa reggia
No, three riddles, one life!
Hear, O foreigner.
It is what people seek in the darkness. What is it that is born at night and disappears at dawn?
Straniero, ascolta
It’s hope.
It is like a flame, but it is not a flame. What is it that grows cold when it loses its power and burns when it dreams of conquest?
It’s blood.
If you seek freedom, it makes you a slave. If you become a follower, it makes you a king. What is the ice that gives fire?
Turandot!
People congratulate him.
Never try to make me marry him!
The Emperor
I’ve had many men solve riddles, just like you wanted. He has solved the riddle. As promised, you will marry this man.
Are you forcing me to marry you? I do not want to. I am trembling!
O haughty princess. I want you who is burning with love. You gave me three riddles and I solved them. I will give you one. You do not know my name, do you?
Answer my name before dawn. If you answer my name, I will die.
Turandot accepts Calaf’s proposal.
Turandot, Opera: Act3, Synopsis
Scene1
Palace Garden, Night
Officials
Princess Turandot has issued an order to the citizens. None of the people of Peking may sleep. If we do not find the name of the man before dawn, we will be put to death by the Princess!
Despite the people’s uproar, Calaf is confident that he will win.
No one shall sleep. Not you, Princess. No one knows my name. My kiss will melt your silence. I will triumph over the dawn.
Nessun dorma
The voices of women
No one knows his name. We will die! We are going to die!
Three ministers and people come to Calaf.
What do you want from me?
Ping, Pang, and Pong
We will give you beautiful women and treasures. We want you to take them and go. If you leave, we will be saved. Otherwise, the princess will kill us. You do not know the cruelty of the princess.
I don’t want women or treasure. If the world falls apart, I want Turandot.
People take up arms.
All
You’ll never get the princess! Now, tell us your name.
Soldiers bring Timur and Liù.
Soldiers
They should know the man’s name.
They don’t know my name.
Ping, Pang, and Pong
They were talking to this man last night.
Turandot appears.
Ping, Pang, and Pong
We torture them and get his name out of them.
O stranger, you are pale. I shall soon learn your name. Torture this old man.
I am the only one who knows what his name is.
Timur is released.
She knows nothing.
Liù is tortured.
Why do you stubbornly refuse to tell me the man’s name?
Princess, it is love. Even torture is a pleasure to me. For by my deeds I help him.
Principessa, l’amore!
All
Torture her.
I can bear the torture no longer. The icy princess will know his passion and love him.
Tu che di gel sei cinta
Liù takes a dagger from a soldier and kills herself.
Oh, terrible things have happened.
All
A pure girl has died. How cruel.
The people leave. Only Turandot and Calaf remain.
O Princess of Death! You are a cruel woman. This is the blood of the woman you ordered to be tortured.
Principessa di morte!
Don’t come near me. My soul is in heaven.
Your soul may be in heaven, but your body is here. I will press my lips to yours. Be mine!
Calaf forcibly kisses Turandot. She bursts into tears.
Are you crying?
You have triumphed over me. Please leave with your secret.
My riddle is no more. I will tell my name. My name is Calaf.
I finally know your name! It’s time to solve the riddle.
You win.
Scene2
Dawn, Palace Courtyard
People gather. Turandot and Calaf appear.
I know the name of this man. His name is Love!
People congratulate them.